A French court has ruled that Valve should allow people to re-sell their digital games

Quoting: minidou

Quoting: MalNedless to say that releasing an untested and badly optimized game would quickly become a suicidal move and nobody would do it.

How horrible.

:) My domain is in the digital markets. I know that free digital markets are more efficient. For a fact. So I'm not saying that the idea is necessarily nuts. It's just that for us customers it would require active interest to get the most out of it. Much more than now. And the average Joe doesn't have the resources to do it. So one would need to rely on broker services to effectively find good key keys at reasonable convenience. A G2A on steroids. Soon to appear brokers would find business opportunities and make the market more efficient in the process (my Borderlands 3 scenario is about this, efficiency mechanics would devaluate licenses of low quality games). So far so good. But markets can (and will be) manipulated if someone has enough resources to do it (spoiler: there is always somebody with enough resources). So you will also need regulation and authorities preventing shady stuff.

Like *exclusives* undermining market efficiency. They already do but it would be significantly worse in a free market. Also the markets need to compete with each other. But the real challenge is how to regulate first sale publishers. Digital copies are not like physical ones. Selling an additional digital copy costs you nothing and second hand licenses do not deteriorate over time also. They don't occupy space and don't have logistics costs. Publishers can produce or not produce them at will. Publishers would also be able to buy back their own copies to keep prices higher. Should this be illegal? After all licenses would become no different than any other financial asset. But publishers will do inside trading by definition, they know about patches, DLCs, free updates and future plans. They would speculate for sure if they can. And if they are prevented to do it by themselves they could delegate others. Or sell reserved information to traders for profit. Maybe not as companies but as individuals. Who controls that? At what cost? Really, you can't possibly hope to regulate digital goods with the same principles and common wit you use for physical goods. They just don't apply.

This matter if left alone could become so complex and so exploitable so fast that it could take very long time until a reasonable and functional balance is found. And in the meanwhile: chaos. Not that balance cannot be found. It's just not so obvious as one might think at first glance. And usually in this kind of competition the guy with the less resources is the guy who loses.

But maybe it's just me being biased and overthinking everything. The actual rule could have much less implications than this like just allowing one and only one resell per license. Or it could just convince french legislators to make specific laws for digital goods. And I do believe things can improve in this regard. Especially on exclusives and geoblocking, laws are to hard on piracy and to permissive to content distributors (for instance: why should be illegal to download something that is not sold or not easily found in my country and that I cannot buy from foreign digital services?). Though usually in the EU is more about transferring profits from US firms to EU ones rather than making the actual citizen interest. However I keep my idea that just empowering people to buy and sell licenses at will is not a good idea without serious rules, limits and watchers in place. And that stuff has a cost. Is it really worth it?

Quoting: NibelheimIf someone interested, there is the full court ruling available here : (in french ofc) :
https://cdn2.nextinpact.com/medias/16-01008-ufc-que-choisir-c--valve.pdf

I wish I knew french the ruling seems pretty extensive. There are a bunch of pages that talk about Cheats.. woot that would be really surprising! a judge ruling about cheats and exploits on fortnite :P

Quoting: ShmerlThis whole "license" thing is messed up. What you are buying are files. Something that contains digital goods. Attempts to frame it as "licensing" are just dumb methods to reduce user's rights.

One could argue that you can’t actually sell files. What you have on your drive, whether you got it from Steam or a second-hand reseller, is a copy of the seller’s files. And you can’t resell your files for the same reason. You can destroy them, but you can’t hand them over short of parting with the actual medium they’re on. You can accept money to send a copy and then choose to delete your own, but the actual files never change hands. It’s just data on a medium and that data doesn’t actually move through the sale. That’s why the only perspective that makes sense to me is selling rights/licenses to do certain things with that data and its copies; namely to execute, copy, redistribute, etc.

As you pointed out yourself, you wouldn’t be buying used goods by any definition. In the case of Steam, you would be getting a fresh new license to access certain content via Steam, and the reseller would have their license removed, but could easily keep the actual software on their system and if it’s not DRM-protected, keep using it.

If this became law, I can only imagine the entire industry shifting to a Stadia-like approach where the distributors make it very clear that you’re only renting access to a stream that you can influence to some extent (via controller input during gameplay and via payment for specific content [games] being streamed to you), not any sort of tangible product. As others have said, that sounds like the ultimate DRM.

Quoting: PikoloThis will be an interesting change. It really benefits DRM free stores like GOG - their users already could sell the game if they wanted(breaking the law in a hard to detect fashion), but usually didn't. Some publishers will definitely try to dodge the problems by going into microtransations, where the game is free, but the money is in small items tied to the account, although if this ruling stands, in game item trading might be next.

Reselling a GOG is probably the most unmoral thing you can do if you care about GOG.

I really doubt that this benefits GOG in anyway as they, as Steam, will be forced to create a community market where users are allowed to resell their copies and the business model of GOG will get definitely hit if people starts abusing of the system (and abusing of GOG model is far more easier than abusing of Steam model).


Last edited by x_wing on 20 September 2019 at 12:08 am UTC

Quoting: SalvatosOne could argue that you can’t actually sell files. What you have on your drive, whether you got it from Steam or a second-hand reseller, is a copy of the seller’s files. And you can’t resell your files for the same reason.

That's moot. Printed book is also called a copy, except it's a physical one. What defines the right to resell is this first sale doctrine idea. In theory it's not wrong. You should be able to sell what you bought. Trying to restrict that is wrong. The problem is the nature of digital goods. As I said before, if that market can function well, such different nature shouldn't be a blocker for reselling. But if it can't - it's a problem. I wouldn't try to make a prediction how well it could work. It's hard to tell.


Last edited by Shmerl on 20 September 2019 at 12:09 am UTC

Quoting: chancho_zombie

Quoting: NibelheimIf someone interested, there is the full court ruling available here : (in french ofc) :
https://cdn2.nextinpact.com/medias/16-01008-ufc-que-choisir-c--valve.pdf

I wish I knew french the ruling seems pretty extensive. There are a bunch of pages that talk about Cheats.. woot that would be really surprising! a judge ruling about cheats and exploits on fortnite :P

They’re just quoting the Steam terms of use.

Quoting: Jiskinoh my... I saw so stupid comments I don't know where to start...

QuoteValve and developers will be more profitable to abandon the entire French market

France is like their 7th market, how this could be more profitable?

QuoteI see many devs including Ubisoft leaving France, losing hundreds of jobs just because people want to resell a game they get for 15$ for 5$ bucks.

If a second hand market would crash a business, we will not even have cars... There are many reasons to leave France as a company, like taxes, strong social laws, etc., so just don't say anything you don't know about.

QuoteThis will hurt everyone.

Too many arguments I don't know what to say...

There is a difference between second hand cars and second hand software: Cars tend to catch scratches. Second hand games are indistinguishable from new games.
There is another one: There are no DRM free cars that you can simply keep when you sell them.

Second hand cars do not need servers. Games will have to be detached from accounts, to be able to sell them. So Valve could simply charge a percentage fee for detaching keys. I on their side wouldn't help to sell the keys, just detach and deliver them.
Developers still won't like the idea. They will sell less copies. Lifting prices would make second hand games even more attractive, but would also lift the detachment fee.

So yes, I think one result would definitely be higher prices for games.

Quoting: Shmerl

Quoting: SalvatosOne could argue that you can’t actually sell files. What you have on your drive, whether you got it from Steam or a second-hand reseller, is a copy of the seller’s files. And you can’t resell your files for the same reason.

That's moot. Printed book is also called a copy, except it's a physical one.

Precisely. Whether it’s a copy or an original, you have to part with a book to sell it, which is not the case with digital files; thus the can of worms.

Quoting: SalvatosPrecisely. Whether it’s a copy or an original, you have to part with a book to sell it, which is not the case with digital files; thus the can of worms.

You can part with it - delete it. I see no difference in developers trusting you not to copy it around to others (DRM-free sale) vs trusting you to delete it once you sold it. You can as well make a photocopy of the book and then sell it if you really wanted to. Yet it's not bothering publishers to attach police bots to their books.

I.e. this is not the main issue here. The main issue is simply less sales for developers due to legitimate resales. Not due to someone selling and keeping the copy.


Last edited by Shmerl on 20 September 2019 at 12:19 am UTC

About this topic, I think we can go back at the time were customers started to accept to buy DVD with Steam codes only, where now it became a habit. And now it's "impossible" to buy DVD games on PC without the need of a Steam account (or an internet connection, Games For Windows Live etc.) to even install it. I never accepted that.
People tend to accept more than they refuse...

Also, I understand the gaming situation is not the same as 15/20 years ago, but I don't think it's so different than selling your old DVD/CD/Floppy disk.
This industry evolved badly and now we faces it, it's like an overdose.